The barrier-breaking trip … "The fact that I was going to be the first American woman to go into space carried huge expectations along with it," Ride recalled in an interview for the 25th anniversary of her flight in 2008. [56] In 2003, Tereshkova ran again for a seat in the State Duma. [54], By 1976, Tereshkova was a colonel in the Soviet Air Forces. NASA opened the space program to female applicants in 1978, in response to the new anti-discrimination laws of the time. For example, in New Delhi, Tereshkova was a "feminist standard bearer bringing a message of hope for 'enslaved' Indian womanhood. On Nov. 3, 1963, Tereshkova married fellow cosmonaut Andriyan Nikolayev. [53] She was appointed vice president of the International Woman's Democratic Federation and president of the Soviet-Algerian Friendship Society. ", Additional reporting by Elizabeth Howell, Space.com contributor. [47] On 1 October 1963, Tereshkova arrived in Havana, Cuba, and met Fidel Castro. She landed in the Altay region near today's Kazakhstan-Mongolia-China border. You will receive a verification email shortly. Of the five women, only Tereshkova went into space. When Sally Ride became the first female U.S. astronaut to go into space, the press asked her questions about her reproductive organs and whether she would cry if things went wrong on the job. She has the distinction of having gone twice into space, sent by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). For the USSR, Yuri Gagarin’s single orbit of the Earth was a huge achievement and propaganda coup. However, Valentina Tereshkova was the only one of the group to go into space at that point. "Red Cosmonaut Meets Queen, Down-to-Earth", "Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova, DSc, Hero of the Soviet Union, Order of Lenin", "Why was a sculptor who promoted Communism executed by the Bolsheviks? Join our Space Forums to keep talking space on the latest missions, night sky and more! The production looked at the early life of Jerrie Cobb, an American pilot who later became famous because she was the "almost-first" woman in space. She also was head of the International Cultural and Friendship Union and later was chairperson of the Russian Association of International Cooperation. "[10] Approval was granted for five female cosmonauts in the next group, which would begin training in 1963. [111] A planetarium in Yaroslavl was built and named for her in 2011. And if you have a news tip, correction or comment, let us know at: community@space.com. Ride, who hoped to become a professional tennis player before deciding she … [21][37], In 1997, London-based electronic pop group Komputer released a song entitled "Valentina" which gives a more-or-less direct account of her career as a cosmonaut. [58], She remained politically active following the collapse of the Soviet Union but lost elections to the national State Duma during 1995. Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman to go into space. Tereshkova carried the Olympic torch in 2008, during the St. Petersburg leg for the 29th Summer Olympics in Beijing, and in 2014, ahead of the 22nd Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia. Kamanin called her, "Gagarin in a skirt. [121], Russian cosmonaut and first woman in space, "Tereshkova" redirects here. All five women became junior lieutenants in the Air Force in December 1962. I was taken up to Chris Kraft's office. She became interested in parachute jumping after joining the Yaroslavl Air Sports Club. Everything is fine. [25] After completing her communication and life support checks, she was sealed inside the Vostok. Tereshkova and Nikolayev divorced in 1980. It later was available on PBS in 2016. ), "If women can be railroad workers in Russia, why can't they fly in space? Tereshkova never flew in space again. Kathy Sullivan, America’s first female spacewalker, also became the first woman to reach the deepest known point of the ocean. [69] On 8 June 1964, nearly one year after her space flight, she gave birth to their daughter Elena Andrianovna Nikolaeva-Tereshkova,[2] the first person with both a mother and father who had travelled into space. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentina_Tereshkova&oldid=1023925367, Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members, Grand Crosses of the Order of the Sun of Peru, Members of the State Duma (Russian Federation), Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 1st class, Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 2nd class, Recipients of the Order of Friendship of Peoples, Recipients of the Order of Georgi Dimitrov, Recipients of the Order of Honour (Russia), Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Grunwald, 1st class, State Prize of the Russian Federation laureates, Female air force generals and air marshals, Women air force personnel of the Soviet Union, Articles with Ukrainian-language sources (uk), Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia temporarily semi-protected biographies of living people, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Order of the Enlightenment (Afghanistan, August 1969). The first woman to travel into space was a Soviet cosmonaut named Valentina Tereshkova. Who was the first woman to go into space - 3043981 Devbratpranjal Devbratpranjal 23.03.2018 History Secondary School answered Who was the first woman to go into space 2 … Question: How many times did Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova orbit the Earth in 71 hours? Ride and five other women had been selected in 1978 for NASA Astronaut Group 8, the first American selection class to include females. [68] General Kamanin, head of the space program, described it as "probably useful for politics and science". Following the tradition set by Gagarin, Tereshkova also urinated on the bus tire, becoming the first woman to do so. [16] She also began studying at the Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy and graduated a few years after her flight. Inspired by Sally Ride, who became the first American woman in space in 1983, Mae applied to NASA in 1983. [55] Against her wishes, she was appointed as the leader of the Committee for Soviet Women in 1968. She was also a member of the Supreme Soviet Presidium and also served on and later became head of the Soviet Women's Committee. They did not realize that the flight almost turned into tragedy, a fact that was classified for about 40 years. Question: Who was the first woman to go into space? [117], Streets in Ukraine that bore Tereshkova's name have been renamed due to her support of Russia's military actions against Ukraine and it was done in accordance with the country's 2015 decommunisation law. [17] The group spent several months in basic training[15] and, after they finished their training and passed an examination, Kamanin offered them the option to be commissioned as regular Air Force officers. As one of the three mission specialists on the STS-7 mission, she played a vital role in helping the crew deploy communications satellites, conduct experiments and make use of the first Shuttle Pallet Satellite. In this capacity, she supported the introduction of amendments to the preamble of Constitution of Russia, to add that "Orthodoxy is the basis of Russia's national and cultural identity". After the dissolution of the first group of female cosmonauts in 1969, Tereshkova remained in the space program as a cosmonaut instructor. [34][35] Tereshkova also maintained a flight log and took photographs of the horizon, which were later used to identify aerosol layers within the atmosphere. Visit our corporate site. Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman to go into space. Space is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. [59] In 2007, Tereshkova was invited to Prime Minister Vladimir Putin's residence in Novo-Ogaryovo for the celebration of her 70th birthday anniversary. "Распоряжение Правительства РФ от 12.06.2003 N 778-р "О награждении Почетной грамотой Правительства Российской Федерации Быковского В.Ф. [60][61] She was later elected during 2008 to her regional parliament, the Yaroslavl Oblast Duma. Among its exhibits is a replica of her childhood home. And while no one wanted that spacewalk to happen more than Dr. Ellen Ochoa, the first Hispanic woman to go into space, Ochoa remembers laughing at Clinton’s pithy tweet. [23] Tereshkova was promoted to lieutenant before her flight and to captain mid-flight. She flew Vostok 6 in 1963, spending almost three days in space and orbiting Earth 48 times. [15] Tereshkova underwent water recovery training at sea where several motorboats were used to agitate the waters to simulate rough conditions. Who was the first woman in space? [ABC News "World News" Report From 1983] 'Seagull'), later commemorated as the name of an asteroid, 1671 Chaika. Elena later went on to become a medical doctor. I see the horizon; it's a sky blue with a dark strip. Tereshkova was born in the village of Maslennikovo in central Russia … Christa McAuliffe was a teacher and a civilian astronaut from Concord, … In 1959, 32 military test pilots went through some of ... No one wanted to send a woman into space … She became a member of the World Peace Council in 1966 and a member of the Yaroslavl Soviet in 1967. Answer: Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to go into space 1963. [37] Although Tereshkova experienced nausea and physical discomfort for much of the flight,[38] she orbited the earth 48 times and spent 2 days, 22 hours, and 50 mins in space. I achieved my childhood dream of the sky. "As the first American woman … [65], On 18 September 2016, Tereshkova was re-elected to the 7th State Duma. Ride, who had earlier pursued a … After Yuri Gagarin became the first man in space in 1961, Tereshkova volunteered for the Soviet space program. [citation needed] However, she landed safely but received a bruise on her nose, then she had dinner with some local villagers in the Altai Krai who helped her to get out of her spacesuit. She later was a deputy to the Supreme Soviet, then a people's deputy. [59] In the year 1995, Tereshkova was promoted to an honorary rank of major general. Valentina Tereshkova was born on 6 March in 1937 in the Bolshoye Maslennikovo, a village on the Volga River[1] 270 kilometres (170 mi) northeast of Moscow and part of the Yaroslavl Oblast in central Russia. [52] Tereshkova was also chosen for several political positions; she was a member of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1966–1974), a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (1969–1991), and a member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1974–1989). https://spacecenter.org/mission-monday-the-first-women-in-space [20], Originally, a joint mission profile was developed that would see two women launched into space on solo Vostok flights on consecutive days in March or April 1963,[21] and it was intended that Tereshkova would launch first in Vostok 5 while Ponomaryova would follow her into orbit in Vostok 6. To increase the odds of sending a Soviet woman into space first, the women cosmonauts began their training before the men. NY 10036. [98] Tereshkova crater is located on the far side of the Moon. "[22] Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev was happy with the propaganda potential of her selection, since she was the daughter of a collective farm worker who died in the Winter War, and confirmed her selection. Whoever that is will be standing on the shoulders of giants. That same year, stage director and producer Valentina Fratti — who was named after Tereshkova — released the off-Broadway play "They Promised Her the Moon." During this manned space mission, Liu performed experiments in space medicine. [107] In 2015, a short film entitled Valentina's Dream was released by Meat Bingo Productions. We don't need war," referring to the anniversary of the German invasion of Russia that began 22 years ago that day. [102][103] The 2000 album Vostok 6 by Kurt Swinghammer is a concept album about Tereshkova. [31][32] Cameras placed inside both the spacecraft transmitted live footage that was broadcast on Soviet state television. [95][96] There is a monument in Bayevsky District of Altai Territory, Siberia, close to her landing place of 53°N, 80°E. [2] Tereshkova also joined the local Komsomol (Communist Youth League) in Yaroslavl, serving as the secretary of the organisation in 1960 and 1961. Kalpana Chawla was the first woman of Indian origin to go into space. [53], Although she desired to continue pursuing a career as a cosmonaut and engineer, her superiors had a different plan for her in politics. [33][31] Although they were able to communicate via radio, neither could be sure if they saw each other. Future US, Inc. 11 West 42nd Street, 15th Floor, On June 18, 1983, Sally Ride became the first American woman to fly in space when the space shuttle Challenger launched on mission STS-7. Sixty years ago, a man went into space for the very first time. Even though there were plans for further flights by women, it took 19 years until the second woman, Svetlana Savitskaya, flew into space. Tereshkova had not held any previous desire to go to space,[7] and it was her experience in skydiving that would contribute to her selection as a cosmonaut. Their first child, a daughter named Elena, was a subject of medical interest because she was the first child born to parents who had both been exposed to space. [118][119] A proposal was also brought forward in 2015 to move a monument to Tereshkova in Lviv, Ukraine to the Territory of Terror Memorial Museum. "[26] These telegrams express the impact that Tereshkova had on other countries, outside the Soviet Union. [1] He and her mother Elena Fyodorovna Tereshkova had three children. After being once in space, I was keen to go back there. Tereshkova was chosen to pilot Vostok 6. [1][5][6] Tereshkova also became interested in parachuting from a young age, and trained in skydiving at the local Aeroclub, making her first jump at age 22, on 21 May 1959. [11][12][13], Since they had no military experience, they started with the rank of private in the Soviet Air Forces. Please deactivate your ad blocker in order to see our subscription offer. [48] The following month she presented a silver cup, which went to the team from the Soviet Union who won gold in all five boat classes, at the women's 1963 European Rowing Championships held in Khimki near Moscow. ", "The Remote Siberian Monument to the First Woman in Space, Who Launched 50 Years Ago Today", "500 Men Have Moon Craters Named for Them", "The Astronaut's Playlist: Groovy Songs for Space Travelers", "Album Review: Public Service Broadcasting – The Race for Space", "Public Service Broadcasting – The Race For Space", "Findlay Napier – VIP: Very Interesting Persons", "Rebecca Front to star in Exmouth filmmakers' new short", "Who Was The First Woman To Go Into Space? While there she said that she would like to fly to Mars, even if it meant that it was a one-way trip. Tereshkova remains active in the space community, and her legacy is widely celebrated in everything from books to museums to stage productions. She boarded the Vostok 6, a Soviet spacecraft, and spent nearly three whole days in space. Where does Valentina Tereshkova Street lead? On 28 April 1997, she left the Russian Air Force due to reaching the age of compulsory retirement at 60 years old. The U.S. Navy named a research ship after the astronaut. Monuments of communist leaders are removed from the public and placed in the museum as a part of decommunization efforts. Women were particularly excited about her flight. First woman to walk in space visits ocean's deepest point ... Former NASA astronaut Kathy Sullivan became the first woman to reach Challenger Deep, ... go into the sea," she said. Tereshkova had not held any previous desire to go to space, and it was her experience in skydiving that would contribute to her selection as a cosmonaut. Sullivan dove to the bottom of the Challenger Deep and safely returned in her submersible vessel on Monday, according to EYOS Expeditions, the company that operated her expedition.She is now the eighth person to reach the depth, the lowest point in the … Valentina Vladimirovna "Valya" Tereshkova was born on March 6, 1937, in Maslennikovo, a village near the Volga River about 170 miles (277 kilometers) northeast of Moscow. [18][19] Tatyana Kuznetsova became ineligible for the first flight due to illness and Zhanna Yorkina was performing poorly in training, leaving Tereshkova, Irina Solovyova, and Valentina Ponomaryova as the leading candidates. [43], Less than a week after her return from space, Moscow hosted the International Women's Congress on 24 June where Tereshkova and Bykovsky were greeted by a gathering of about 2,000 women from 119 countries. While still employed as a textile worker, she trained as a competitive parachutist, which she kept a secret from her family. First Teacher to go to Space. [99], None of the other four in Tereshkova's early group flew and, in October 1969, the pioneering female cosmonaut group was dissolved. [50] Except for a few-months break that year, Tereshkova went on a continuous and exhausting world tour, returning to her public duties only two months after the birth of her daughter. On 16 February 1962, Tereshkova was selected along with four other candidates to join the female cosmonaut corps. [105][106] In the same year, Findlay Napier's album VIP: Very Interesting Persons included a song "Valentina", written in her honour by Napier and Boo Hewerdine. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/first-woman-in-space Soviet and European TV viewers saw her smiling face and her logbook floating in front of her. During the 70.8 hour flight, Vostok 6 made 48 orbits of Earth. Get breaking space news and the latest updates on rocket launches, skywatching events and more! In 2011, she was elected to the national State Duma as a member of the United Russia party and re-elected in 2016. In his diary, he wrote, "We cannot allow that the first woman in space will be American. On June 18, 1983, NASA Astronaut Sally K. Ride became the first American woman in space, when she launched with her four crewmates aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger on mission STS-7. All three made speeches from atop Lenin's Tomb on the Red Square; Tereshkova said, "my father perished defending our country and my mother brought up her three children. In 1963, she spent almost three days in space and orbited Earth 48 times in her space capsule, Vostok 6. She traveled around Earth 48 times while orbiting in the Vostok 6 spacecraft in 1963. On her 80th birthday, she looks back at a lifetime of immense political change [59], On 4 December 2011, Tereshkova was elected to the State Duma, the lower house of the Russian legislature, as a representative of the Yaroslavl Oblast and a member of the United Russia party. "That was made pretty clear the day that I was told I was selected as a crew. [45], After her spaceflight, Tereshkova became a national and international role model. [104] The 2015 album The Race for Space by Public Service Broadcasting also has a song featuring the Smoke Fairies entitled "Valentina". In 1963, Tereshkova became the very first woman in space. Valentina V. Tereschkova", "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 1 марта 2017 года № 95 "О награждении государственными наградами Российской Федерации, "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 12 июня 2013 года № 557 "О награждении государственными наградами Российской Федерации, "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 12 апреля 2011 года № 434 "О награждении орденом Дружбы, "Иосифу Кобзону и Валентине Терешковой вручены боевые медали за Сирию", "Валентине Терешковой вручили медаль Минобороны РФ "За укрепление боевого содружества, "О награждении Почетной грамотой Правительства Российской Федерации Терешковой В.В.". She led the Soviet delegation to the World Conference on Women in Copenhagen and was "interested in socialist internationalism and women's roles in guaranteeing world peace". In front of the thousands in attendance, the Premier also announced that both the cosmonauts were awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union medal. There was a problem. Tereshkova was later elected in 2008 to her regional parliament, the Yaroslavl Oblast Duma. After the initial screening, 58 of those candidates met the requirements, which Kamanin reduced to 23. DW looks at some of the women who have made their mark in space … We know the bitterness of that war. [100][101] It was released as a single and appears on their album The World of Tomorrow. The two spacecraft took different orbits and came within 3 miles (5 km) of each other. [56] In April 1977, she earned a doctorate in aeronautical engineering[57] and underwent the medical examinations to qualify for spaceflight when selection of a new class of women cosmonauts was announced in 1978. However, Tereshkova was honored with the title Hero of the Soviet Union. Liu became the first female Chinese astronaut to go into space. The spot on the moon where NASA intentionally crashed Ebb and Flow, the two gravity-mapping probes in the Grail mission, was named after her. "Hopefully it will be as amazing as I think," says Mrs Maisonrouge. President Barack Obama posthumously awarded her the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor, in November 2013. The mission was launched on June 16, 2012, 49 years to the day after the first female space traveller, cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova was launched. New York, [40], Later on, Tereshkova revealed that she had difficulty controlling the parachute due to strong winds. In his diary, he wrote, "We cannot allow that the first woman in space will be American. She accepted, and was later reprimanded for violating the rules and not undergoing medical tests first. She spent almost three days in space, orbiting the Earth 48 times! ", "They forbade me from flying, despite all my protests and arguments. After the flight of Yuri Gagarin in 1961, Nikolai Kamanin, director of cosmonaut training, read in American media that female pilots were trainingto be astronauts. The United States’ first female astronaut, Sally Ride, rocketed into space 20 years after Tereshkova, on June 18, 1983. [36], With a single flight, she logged more flight time than the combined times of all American astronauts who had flown before that date. [22] Solovyova was appointed as her first backup. [66] She serves as deputy chairperson of the Committee on the Federal Structure and Local Government. As well as this, Tereshkova remains the only woman to have gone on a solo mission to Space. She received "congratulatory telegrams and letters... from around the world. 1963: Soviets launch first woman into space A former textile worker from the Soviet Union has become the first woman in space. The US wants to put the first woman on the Moon by 2024. [2] Her parents had migrated from Belarus. But it didn't happen. Her space capsule, Vostok 6, launched on the 16th June 1963. [14] Training included isolation tests, centrifuge tests, thermo-chamber tests, decompression chamber testing, and pilot training in MiG-15UTI jet fighters. [70], Later in their marriage, the couple grew apart and refused to even stand next to each other in photographs. [27][28][a] Her call sign in this flight was Chaika (Russian: Чайка, lit. и Терешковой В.В. [39] As planned in all Vostok missions, Tereshkova ejected from the capsule during its descent at about four miles above the Earth[34] and made a parachute landing 620 km (385 mi) north-east of Karaganda, Kazakhstan at 8:20 am UTC on 19 June. [63], Valentina married cosmonaut Andriyan Nikolayev on 3 November 1963 at the Moscow Wedding Palace with Khrushchev presiding at the wedding party together with top government and space programme leaders. Early Life:. She orbited the Earth 48 times, spent almost three days in space, and remains the only woman to have been on a solo space mission. Vostok 6 was the final Vostok flight[32] and was launched two days after Vostok 5 which carried Bykovsky into a five-day mission. [55][68][b] They remained married until Shaposhnikov's death in 1999. ", "5 Russian women who built a great legacy", "Олимпийский огонь понесут Друзь, Фрейндлих и Плющенко", "Moskal renamed all streets bearing Valentina Tereshkova's name", "The scandal with the renaming in Odessa: the city Council gave the answer", "Во Львове предложили отправить памятник Терешковой в музей террора". Another 2017-18 play by Chicago's Theater Unspeakable, "Moonshot," included Tereshkova as one of the characters. She toured the country which at the time was dealing with effects of Hurricane Flora. Thank you for signing up to Space. [42] On 22 June 1963, Khrushchev greeted Bykovsky dressed in his uniform who saluted while Khrushchev hugged and kissed Tereshkova who was dressed in civilian attire. The film stars Rebecca Front as Tereshkova and is based on an interview by the former cosmonaut where she expressed a desire to journey to Mars. [94], In 1967, Gregory Postnikov [ru] created a sculpture of Tereshkova for Cosmonaut Alley in Moscow. Her parents worked on a collective farm, and her father was killed during World War II. Tereshkova noticed this and Soviet scientists quickly developed a new landing algorithm. "S. P. Korolev. With advice from the male cosmonauts, they chose to accept Kamanin's offer, as it would make it harder for the program to get rid of them after the first flight. As a mission specialist, she helped deploy satellites … [31] Bykovsky landed three hours after her. Tereshkova was first enrolled in school at age 10 and graduated at 17. © Please refresh the page and try again. For other uses, see, [vɐlʲɪnʲˈtʲinə vlɐˈdʲimʲɪrəvnə tʲɪrʲɪʂˈkovə], Merited Master of Sports of the Soviet Union, Order of the Flag of the Republic of Hungary, Participant of the Military Operation in Syria Medal, Strengthening the Military Community Medal, Russia's military actions against Ukraine, List of female Heroes of the Soviet Union, Attempted assassination of Leonid Brezhnev, "Першая жанчына‑касманаўт ў дзяцінстве гаварыла па‑беларуску", "The first woman in space: 'People shouldn't waste money on wars, "The First Woman In Space Turns 80, And You Probably Never Heard Of Her", "June 16, 1963 & June 18, 1983: Valentina Tereshkova and Sally Ride Become First and Third Women in Space", "Валентина Владимировна (Николаева-)Терешкова", "First Woman in Space ‹ HistoricWings.com :: A Magazine for Aviators, Pilots and Adventurers", "The Most Extreme Human Spaceflight Records", "Russia forgot to send toothbrush with first woman in space", "Валентина Терешкова: чьей воле покорялась женщина, покорившая космос", "First woman in space recalls mission's teething troubles", "Valery Bykovsky, cosmonaut who held the record for the longest solo space flight – obituary", "Valentina Tereshkova: First Woman in Space", "Hugs, Kisses Welcome Russ Space Duet Team", "First Girl in Space Gets a Rousing Welcome from Communist Women", "Tereshkova Will Fly After She's a Mother", "Первая в мире женщина-космонавт Валентина Терешкова: Я чуть было навсегда не осталась на орбите", "To the 40th Anniversary of the spaceflight performed by Valentina Tereshkova", "Единая Россия официальный сайт Партии / Кто есть кто", "First woman in space dreams of flying to Mars", "First female astronaut Valentina Tereshkova wants one-way Mars ticket", "Валентина Терешкова - депутат от "Единой России, "Кто есть кто: Терешкова Валентина Владимировна", The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, "Госдума может изменить Конституцию, чтобы выделить историческую роль православия", "50yrs ago, Tereshkova became first woman in space", "Space Woman Gets Bear Hug, Kiss from Nik", "Čestný titul Hrdina socialistické práce s právem nosit zlatou hvězdu Hrdiny socialistické práce", "Первая женщина-космонавт Валентина Терешкова", "Heroina Sovjetskog Saveza: Prije 55 godina bila je prva žena u svemiru, a osvojila je čak i simpatije Vladimira Putina", "The Eduard Rhein Ring of Honor Recipients", "Ring of Honor 2007 – Dr. techn.
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